Site assessment

30.39500, -9.20900

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01Summary

Partial evidence coverage

Regional water-storage trend · Missing
Climate and rainfall · Available · Modeled
Terrain · Available · Observed (satellite)
Geology and aquifer · Available · Modeled (regional, ~5 km / 1:5M)
Wells and monitoring points · Missing

After each available family: how its evidence was obtained — measured in the ground, observed by satellite, or modeled.

This label describes how much evidence exists for the location. It says nothing about whether water is present.

Main data gap

No nearby well or monitoring recordsHigh importance

First next steps

Consult a qualified local hydrogeologist before committing to any investigation or drilling.
Ask the Hydraulic Basin Agency (ABH) responsible for the area, and neighbours, for existing well and aquifer records.
If you know of a well within 2 km, log its depth to water and well depth on the Explore map so that it is included here.

See all next steps

02Selected location

Latitude: 30.39500
Longitude: -9.20900
Pilot region: Oulad Teima test areaProject-defined
Assessment generated: November 2, 2026 at 12:49 PM

WGS84 / EPSG:4326, decimal degrees · Assessment reference: wa-30.39500_-9.20900-2026-11-02

03Assessment status

Partial evidence coverage

Some evidence is available, but local evidence is missing or incomplete, so only a limited interpretation is possible. Available: Climate and rainfall, Terrain, Geology and aquifer. Missing: Regional water-storage trend, Wells and monitoring points. Note: Geology and aquifer is covered by regional maps only (about 5 km cells and a 1:5,000,000 map), which cannot describe a single parcel.

04Groundwater context

Regional water-storage trend

Not shown — nothing is loaded for this at the selected location.

Aquifer / geology

Late Tertiary to Quaternary: Unconsolidated sedimentary aquifer; productivity low (0.1-0.5 L/s) to high (5-20 L/s) (regional map, 1:5M)

Source: Africa Groundwater Atlas country hydrogeology map (BGS)Real data

Climate

Mean annual rainfall of about 215 mm over 1991–2024 (221 mm for 1991–2020) in the 5 km cell containing this point. Mean of the last five years (2020–2024): about 167 mm. Linear trend: -0.83 mm per year (p = 0.49). The trend is not statistically distinguishable from no change at the 5% level.

Period: Jan 1991 to Dec 2024Source: CHIRPS v2.0 rainfallReal data

Nearby wells

Not shown — nothing is loaded for this at the selected location.

Nearby monitoring points

Not shown — nothing is loaded for this at the selected location.

05Time series

Annual rainfall

Real data

Annual rainfall
Mean, 215 mm
Linear trend, -0.83 mm per year (p = 0.49)

Annual totals for the 5 km cell containing the site, 1991–2024. Source: CHIRPS v2.0 rainfall

Show the values as a table

Year	Rainfall (mm)
1991	197
1992	106
1993	200
1994	151
1995	251
1996	397
1997	221
1998	197
1999	262
2000	143
2001	181
2002	303
2003	214
2004	230
2005	242
2006	221
2007	163
2008	198
2009	290
2010	303
2011	254
2012	190
2013	189
2014	377
2015	189
2016	278
2017	158
2018	264
2019	109
2020	148
2021	163
2022	202
2023	177
2024	145

Total water storage anomaly

No real time series is loaded for this layer.

06Evidence summary

Climate and rainfallRainfall (CHIRPS)Real dataMean annual rainfall of about 215 mm over 1991–2024 (221 mm for 1991–2020) in the 5 km cell containing this point. Mean of the last five years (2020–2024): about 167 mm. Linear trend: -0.83 mm per year (p = 0.49). The trend is not statistically distinguishable from no change at the 5% level.Show details

Source: CHIRPS v2.0 rainfallCHIRPS v2.0 monthly precipitation (Climate Hazards Center, UC Santa Barbara)
Observed: Jan 1991 to Dec 2024
Resolution: 0.05 degrees (about 5 km); monthly
Coverage: The test area only
What this can tell us: How much rain falls on average, how much it varies between years, and whether totals are drifting.
What this cannot tell us: How much of that rain recharges an aquifer beneath this site.

Limitations

A satellite estimate blended with station data; accuracy depends on how many stations are nearby.
Processed by an automated script; the values have not been reviewed by a hydrogeologist.

TerrainTerrain (Copernicus DEM)Real dataElevation about 128 m above sea level, with a mean slope of about 1.5°, in the ~276 m cell containing this point.Show details

Source: Copernicus DEM GLO-30Copernicus DEM GLO-30 (European Space Agency / Copernicus)
Observed: Not available
Resolution: Native 1 arc-second (about 30 m); averaged here to 9x9 pixels (about 276 m)
Coverage: The test area only
What this can tell us: Elevation and slope, which influence surface drainage and where runoff collects.
What this cannot tell us: Subsurface structure or the presence of groundwater.

Limitations

A surface model: it includes buildings and vegetation, and is averaged to cells about 276 m across.
Processed by an automated script; the values have not been reviewed by a hydrogeologist.

TerrainLand cover (ESA WorldCover)Real dataMost common land-cover class in the ~276 m cell containing this point: Built-up, covering 67% of the cell (2021).Show details

Source: ESA WorldCover 2021ESA WorldCover 10 m 2021 v200 (European Space Agency)
Observed: Not available
Resolution: Native 10 m; summarised here as the most common class in 30x30 pixel cells (about 276 m)
Coverage: The test area only
What this can tell us: What covers the surface, which influences runoff, infiltration and likely water demand nearby.
What this cannot tell us: Anything below the surface, or whether nearby cropland is irrigated from groundwater.

Limitations

A classification of 2021 satellite imagery; cropland, grassland and bare ground are easily confused in dry areas.
Processed by an automated script; the values have not been reviewed by a hydrogeologist.

TerrainTopsoil texture (SoilGrids)Real dataPredicted topsoil texture (0–30 cm) in the 250 m cell containing this point: Loam (clay 21%, sand 50%, silt 29%).Show details

Source: SoilGrids 2.0SoilGrids 2.0 (ISRIC - World Soil Information)
Observed: Not available
Resolution: 250 m, resampled to geographic coordinates by the ISRIC service
Coverage: The test area only
What this can tell us: The likely texture of the top 30 cm of soil, which influences how easily rain infiltrates.
What this cannot tell us: Soil depth, deeper layers, or how much water reaches an aquifer.

Limitations

A model prediction, not a soil survey; few soil profiles exist in this region, so local values are uncertain.
Processed by an automated script; the values have not been reviewed by a hydrogeologist.

Geology and aquiferAquifer type and geology (regional map)Real dataOn the Africa Groundwater Atlas map of Morocco (1:5,000,000), this point falls in the unit “Late Tertiary to Quaternary”, mapped as: Unconsolidated sedimentary aquifer; productivity low (0.1-0.5 L/s) to high (5-20 L/s) (code U-L/H). This is the regional setting. It cannot describe a single parcel.Show details

Source: Africa Groundwater Atlas country hydrogeology map (BGS)Africa Groundwater Atlas Country Hydrogeology Maps, Morocco, Version 1.0 (British Geological Survey)
Observed: Not available
Resolution: 1:5,000,000 map
Coverage: Map unit of a 1:5,000,000 national map
What this can tell us: Which broad geological unit and aquifer type the surrounding region lies in.
What this cannot tell us: The rock, aquifer or yield at this parcel. Unit boundaries on a 1:5,000,000 map are generalised by kilometres.

Limitations

Regional product: it describes an area of kilometres and cannot describe a single parcel. Conditions at any one site can differ from the class shown.
The productivity range is the atlas's class for the aquifer as a whole — the average yield of a well-sited, well-developed borehole — not a yield for this site.
Processed by an automated script; the values have not been reviewed by a hydrogeologist.

Geology and aquiferDepth-to-groundwater class (regional map)Real dataThe BGS map of Africa places the ~5 km cell containing this point in depth-to-groundwater class M: 50-100 m below ground. This is a modeled regional class. It is not a measured water level and not a prediction for this parcel.Show details

Source: Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa (BGS)Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa (British Geological Survey; MacDonald et al. 2012)
Observed: Not available
Resolution: 0.05 degree grid (about 5 km); classes, not values
Coverage: One class per cell of about 5 km
What this can tell us: The depth class a continental model assigns to a cell about 5 km across.
What this cannot tell us: The depth to water at this parcel, or how pumping has changed it. Use measured levels from wells or piezometers for that.

Limitations

Regional product: it describes an area of kilometres and cannot describe a single parcel. Conditions at any one site can differ from the class shown.
An estimate made in 2012 from geology, rainfall and terrain; it takes no account of local pumping, and water levels in pumped plains can be far deeper than the class shown.
Processed by an automated script; the values have not been reviewed by a hydrogeologist.

Geology and aquiferAquifer productivity class (regional map)Real dataThe BGS map of Africa places the ~5 km cell containing this point in aquifer productivity class H: 5-20 L/s. This is a modeled regional class for the aquifer, not a yield for this parcel.Show details

Source: Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa (BGS)Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa (British Geological Survey; MacDonald et al. 2012)
Observed: Not available
Resolution: 0.05 degree grid (about 5 km); classes, not values
Coverage: One class per cell of about 5 km
What this can tell us: The range of yield a well-sited borehole in this kind of aquifer might give, as a continental model classes it.
What this cannot tell us: What a borehole at this parcel would yield, or whether it would find water.

Limitations

Regional product: it describes an area of kilometres and cannot describe a single parcel. Conditions at any one site can differ from the class shown.
A class for the aquifer type as mapped at about 5 km; yields vary widely within a class.
Processed by an automated script; the values have not been reviewed by a hydrogeologist.

07Inputs and their status

Every input layer looked up for this location, including the ones that are missing. Values are read from the grid cell containing the point, at the resolution stated.

Input	Value at this location	Basis	Source, resolution and date
Total water storage trendRegional water-storage trend	The GRACE/GRACE-FO water-storage layer has not been downloaded. It needs a NASA Earthdata token (EARTHDATA_TOKEN).	Missing	No source loaded
RainfallClimate and rainfall	215 mm/yr mean 1991–2024; 167 mm/yr over 2020–2024 (5 km cell)	Modeled	CHIRPS v2.0 rainfallResolution: 0.05 degrees (about 5 km); monthlyData period: 1991-2024 (complete calendar years)
ElevationTerrain	128 m (mean of the ~276 m cell)	Observed (satellite)	Copernicus DEM GLO-30Resolution: Native 1 arc-second (about 30 m); averaged here to 9x9 pixels (about 276 m)Data period: Surface model from TanDEM-X acquisitions, 2011-2015
SlopeTerrain	1.5° (mean of the ~276 m cell)	Observed (satellite)	Copernicus DEM GLO-30Resolution: Native 1 arc-second (about 30 m); averaged here to 9x9 pixels (about 276 m)Data period: Surface model from TanDEM-X acquisitions, 2011-2015
Land coverTerrain	Built-up (67% of the ~276 m cell)	Observed (satellite)	ESA WorldCover 2021Resolution: Native 10 m; summarised here as the most common class in 30x30 pixel cells (about 276 m)Data period: 2021 (Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 acquisitions)
Soil textureTerrain	Loam (clay 21%, sand 50%, silt 29%; 0–30 cm, 250 m cell)	Modeled	SoilGrids 2.0Resolution: 250 m, resampled to geographic coordinates by the ISRIC serviceData period: Model release 2020, trained on soil profiles of many dates
Geology / aquifer unitGeology and aquifer	No geological or hydrogeological map has been sourced yet. The map sheet for this area is still to be obtained.	Missing	No source loaded
Aquifer type and geology (regional map)Geology and aquifer	Late Tertiary to Quaternary; Unconsolidated sedimentary aquifer; productivity low (0.1-0.5 L/s) to high (5-20 L/s) (map unit, 1:5M — not parcel-specific)	Modeled (regional, ~5 km / 1:5M)	Africa Groundwater Atlas country hydrogeology map (BGS)Resolution: 1:5,000,000 mapData period: Compiled 2019/2021 from the 1964 UNESCO geological map of Africa
Depth-to-groundwater class (regional map)Geology and aquifer	Class M: 50-100 m below ground (~5 km cell — not parcel-specific)	Modeled (regional, ~5 km / 1:5M)	Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa (BGS)Resolution: 0.05 degree grid (about 5 km); classes, not valuesData period: Published 2012; depth-to-groundwater map version 2
Aquifer productivity class (regional map)Geology and aquifer	Class H: 5-20 L/s (~5 km cell — not parcel-specific)	Modeled (regional, ~5 km / 1:5M)	Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa (BGS)Resolution: 0.05 degree grid (about 5 km); classes, not valuesData period: Published 2012; depth-to-groundwater map version 2
Well recordsWells and monitoring points	No records were found within 2 km of the selected location.	Missing	No source loaded
Monitoring pointsWells and monitoring points	No monitoring-point records (such as ABH piezometers) have been integrated yet.	Missing	No source loaded

08Uncertainty and limitations

Data gaps

No regional water-storage trend
Medium importance
The GRACE/GRACE-FO water-storage layer has not been downloaded. It needs a NASA Earthdata token (EARTHDATA_TOKEN).
No nearby well or monitoring records
High importance
No records were found within 2 km of the selected location. No monitoring-point records (such as ABH piezometers) have been integrated yet.

Limitations

Real layers were downloaded and processed by automated scripts. Their values have not been reviewed by a hydrogeologist.
There are no nearby well or monitoring records, so nothing is known here about what earlier drilling found.
Geology and aquifer information comes only from regional maps (about 5 km cells and a 1:5,000,000 map). They give the regional setting and cannot describe a single parcel; there is no geological map of the site.
Regional layers are coarse. They describe conditions over tens to hundreds of kilometres and cannot distinguish one parcel from its neighbour.
Surface and satellite observations do not directly show water underground. Inference from them is indirect.
Evidence dates differ from the assessment date; conditions may have changed since each item was observed.
This assessment is not a guarantee, permit, engineering design or substitute for professional field investigation.

09Recommended next steps

Consult a qualified local hydrogeologist before committing to any investigation or drilling.
Ask the Hydraulic Basin Agency (ABH) responsible for the area, and neighbours, for existing well and aquifer records.
If you know of a well within 2 km, log its depth to water and well depth on the Explore map so that it is included here.
Obtain the geological and hydrogeological maps covering this location.
Consider an appropriate geophysical survey, such as electrical resistivity, selected and interpreted by a qualified professional.
Verify drilling permits and local groundwater rules with the Hydraulic Basin Agency (Agence du Bassin Hydraulique, ABH) responsible for the area.

10Sources and provenance

CHIRPS v2.0 rainfallReal dataCHIRPS v2.0 monthly precipitation (Climate Hazards Center, UC Santa Barbara)Licence: Public domain. The Climate Hazards Center has waived all copyright and related rights to CHIRPS (registered with Creative Commons).chirpsAttribution: Funk et al. (2015), The climate hazards infrared precipitation with stations, Scientific Data 2, 150066. https://www.nature.com/articles/sdata201566
Copernicus DEM GLO-30Real dataCopernicus DEM GLO-30 (European Space Agency / Copernicus)Licence: Free for the general public under the Copernicus DEM licence: https://dataspace.copernicus.eu/explore-data/data-collections/copernicus-contributing-missions/collections-description/COP-DEMcopernicus-dem-glo30Attribution: Copernicus Digital Elevation Model (DEM), accessed from https://registry.opendata.aws/copernicus-dem
ESA WorldCover 2021Real dataESA WorldCover 10 m 2021 v200 (European Space Agency)Licence: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)esa-worldcoverAttribution: Zanaga, D., Van De Kerchove, R., Daems, D., et al. (2022). ESA WorldCover 10 m 2021 v200. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7254221. (c) ESA WorldCover project 2021 / Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data (2021) processed by ESA WorldCover consortium.
SoilGrids 2.0Real dataSoilGrids 2.0 (ISRIC - World Soil Information)Licence: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)soilgridsAttribution: Poggio, L., de Sousa, L. M., Batjes, N. H., et al. (2021). SoilGrids 2.0: producing soil information for the globe with quantified spatial uncertainty. SOIL 7, 217-240. https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-7-217-2021
Africa Groundwater Atlas country hydrogeology map (BGS)Real dataAfrica Groundwater Atlas Country Hydrogeology Maps, Morocco, Version 1.0 (British Geological Survey)Licence: Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0), https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/bgs-africa-groundwater-atlasAttribution: British Geological Survey. 2019/2021. Africa Groundwater Atlas Country Hydrogeology Maps. Africa Groundwater Atlas (https://www2.bgs.ac.uk/africagroundwateratlas/index.cfm). Licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/). Changes made: clipped to the pilot extent; attribute fields renamed; aquifer codes written out in words.
Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa (BGS)Real dataQuantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa (British Geological Survey; MacDonald et al. 2012)Licence: Open Government Licence, https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3/bgs-quantitative-groundwater-mapsAttribution: Contains data supplied by permission of the Natural Environment Research Council [2023]. MacDonald, A. M., Bonsor, H. C., O Dochartaigh, B. E. and Taylor, R. G. (2012). Quantitative maps of groundwater resources in Africa. Environmental Research Letters 7, 024009. https://doi.org/10.5285/e37d09e7-6388-494b-99c8-10958d6d78c4
Oulad Teima test areaProject-definedWaterAgent projecttest-area-extent

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